Inflectional paradigms
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: If the word is not inflectional (case of adverbs in English, for instance) or does not accept any inflectional variant (case of "clothes", used only in plural, or "species", that has the same form in singular and plural). In this latter case, the field "Descriptive Morphology" should explicit the value of the lemma. | : If the word is not inflectional (case of adverbs in English, for instance) or does not accept any inflectional variant (case of "clothes", used only in plural, or "species", that has the same form in singular and plural). In this latter case, the field "Descriptive Morphology" should explicit the value of the lemma. | ||
;IRREGULAR | ;IRREGULAR | ||
| − | : If the word is inflectional but does not follow any existing paradigm, as in irregular forms (such as "man", "mouse", "foot" and "child"). In this case, the corresponding inflectional rules should be provided as | + | : If the word is inflectional but does not follow any existing paradigm, as in irregular forms (such as "man", "mouse", "foot" and "child"). In this case, the corresponding inflectional rules should be provided as [[inflectional rules]]. |
== Examples == | == Examples == | ||
Revision as of 12:11, 20 March 2010
Inflectional paradigms are sets of rules used to generate the inflected forms out of the base form.
Contents |
When to use inflectional paradigms
Inflectional paradigms are used in case of regular inflective behaviour, i.e., whenever there can be stated a regular pattern for inflecting words, such as nouns, adjectives and verbs.
When not to use inflectional paradigms
Inflectional paradigms are not used in case of non-inflectional words (such as adverbs) or words that are already inflected (such as personal pronouns). Inflectional paradigms are also avoided in case of irregular behaviour, which is described by inflectional rules.
Reference
The paradigms are referred as follows:
- by its common name (such as "first declension", "first group"), in case of well-established reference;
- by the rule itself, in case of single-rule paradigms;
- by the most distinctive rule, if any; or
- by a "leading form", i.e., a typical example (a prototype) representative of the whole category, otherwise.
There are two predefined paradigms in the UNLarium:
- INVARIANT
- If the word is not inflectional (case of adverbs in English, for instance) or does not accept any inflectional variant (case of "clothes", used only in plural, or "species", that has the same form in singular and plural). In this latter case, the field "Descriptive Morphology" should explicit the value of the lemma.
- IRREGULAR
- If the word is inflectional but does not follow any existing paradigm, as in irregular forms (such as "man", "mouse", "foot" and "child"). In this case, the corresponding inflectional rules should be provided as inflectional rules.
Examples
| Name | Rules | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| PLR:=0>"s" | PLR:=0>"s" | Add "s" to the end of the form | table>tables, boy>boys, etc |
| PLR:="y">"ies" | PLR:="y">"ies" | Replace "y" by "ies" at the end of the form | baby>babies, city>cities, etc |
| PLR:="f">"ves" | PLR:="f">"ves" | Replace "f" by "ves" at the end of the form | wolf>wolves, half>halves, etc |
| PAS:=0>"ed" | PAS:=0>"ed";GER:=0>"ing";PTP:=0>"ed";3PS&PRS&IND:=0>"s"; | Add "ed" in the simple past, "ing" in the gerund, ... | work>worked, ask>asked, etc |
| PAS:=0>"d" | PAS:=0>"d";GER:=e>"ing";PTP:=0>"d";3PS&PRS&IND:=0>"s"; | Add "d" in the simple past, replace the final "e" by "ing" in the gerund, ... | use>used, arrange>arranged, etc |
Syntax
Inflectional paradigms (as well as inflectional rules) comply with the A-rule formalism for writing morphological rules in the UNLarium framework.
