Verb
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In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, verbs are classified as follows: | In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, verbs are classified as follows: | ||
*A '''lexical verb''' (VER) is the head of a verb phrase, i.e., a word that denotes an action, an occurrence or a state of being; | *A '''lexical verb''' (VER) is the head of a verb phrase, i.e., a word that denotes an action, an occurrence or a state of being; | ||
| − | *An auxiliary verb is a verb functioning to give further semantic or syntactic information about the main verb of the phrase. | + | *A '''copula''' (COP) (such as "be", "become", "seem"), also called "linking verb", is used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement or an adverbial). |
| + | *An auxiliary verb is a verb functioning to give further semantic or syntactic information about the main verb of the phrase. Auxliary verbs are classified as inflections (I). They can be: | ||
**A '''simple auxiliary verb''' (AUX) (such as "will" in "I will go", "do" in "I don't go", or "have" in "I had gone") if used only to convey information about [[tense]] and [[aspect]]; | **A '''simple auxiliary verb''' (AUX) (such as "will" in "I will go", "do" in "I don't go", or "have" in "I had gone") if used only to convey information about [[tense]] and [[aspect]]; | ||
**A '''modal verb''' (MOD) (such as "can", "must", "have to") if used to indicate [[modality]]. | **A '''modal verb''' (MOD) (such as "can", "must", "have to") if used to indicate [[modality]]. | ||
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;Several verbs may be either lexical or auxiliary depending on the context: | ;Several verbs may be either lexical or auxiliary depending on the context: | ||
*I have a book (have = lexical verb) | *I have a book (have = lexical verb) | ||
Latest revision as of 10:11, 15 October 2012
A verb is a LRU that denotes an action (bring, read, walk, run, murder), an occurrence (decompose, shine), or a state of being (exist, stand).
Natural Language
In the UNLarium framework, verbs are classified as follows:
- A lexical verb (VER) is the head of a verb phrase, i.e., a word that denotes an action, an occurrence or a state of being;
- A copula (COP) (such as "be", "become", "seem"), also called "linking verb", is used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement or an adverbial).
- An auxiliary verb is a verb functioning to give further semantic or syntactic information about the main verb of the phrase. Auxliary verbs are classified as inflections (I). They can be:
- Several verbs may be either lexical or auxiliary depending on the context
- I have a book (have = lexical verb)
- I have read the book (have = auxiliary verb)
- He appears to be tired (appear = modal verb)
- He appeared in the party (appear = lexical verb)
UNL
In UNL, lexical verbs are represented as UWs, whereas auxiliary verbs are represented as attributes. The copula verb is represented by relations (see be for further information).
- I have a book = aoj(have, I), obj(have, book)
- I have read a book = aoj(read.@perfect, I), obj(read.@perfect, book)
- He appears to be tired = aoj(tired.@belief, he)
- He appeared in the party = agt(appear.@past, he), plc(appear.@past, party)
