Degree
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| − | '''Degree''' is a category used to specify the extent of a comparison between adjectives or adverbs, such as comparative and superlative. | + | '''Degree''' is a category normally used to specify the extent of a comparison between adjectives or adverbs, such as comparative and superlative. In UNL, it is also used to represent the value of [[adverbs|specifier adverbs]]. |
== Natural language == | == Natural language == | ||
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{{#tree:id=nl_degree|openlevels=0|root=Degree (DEG)| | {{#tree:id=nl_degree|openlevels=0|root=Degree (DEG)| | ||
| − | |||
*positive (PST): no comparison | *positive (PST): no comparison | ||
| + | *comparative (CMP): comparison between two | ||
*superlative (SUP): comparison between more than two | *superlative (SUP): comparison between more than two | ||
| + | **comparative superlative (SUPR) | ||
| + | **absolute superlative (SUPA) | ||
| + | *diminutive (DIM): used to convey a slight degree of the root meaning, smallness of the object or quality named, encapsulation, intimacy, or endearment | ||
| + | *augmentative (AUG): expresses greater intensity, often in size, but also in other attributes (opposite of a diminutive) | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
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=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
| + | *Positive (PST): big, good, bad | ||
*Comparative (CMP): bigger, better, worse | *Comparative (CMP): bigger, better, worse | ||
*Superlative (SUP): biggest, best, worst | *Superlative (SUP): biggest, best, worst | ||
| − | * | + | *Diminutive (DIM): |
| + | *Augmentative (AUG): | ||
== UNL == | == UNL == | ||
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{{#tree:id=unl_degree|openlevels=0|root=Degree| | {{#tree:id=unl_degree|openlevels=0|root=Degree| | ||
| − | *@more: comparative of superiority | + | *@not: negative |
| − | *@less: comparative of inferiority | + | **@almost: approximative |
| − | *@equal: comparative of equality | + | *positive |
| − | *@most: superlative of superiority | + | **@again: iterative |
| − | *@least: superlative of inferiority | + | **@emphasis: emphasis |
| + | **@enough: sufficiently (enough) | ||
| + | **@extra: excessively (too) | ||
| + | **@minus: downtoned (a little) | ||
| + | **@plus: intensified (very) | ||
| + | *comparative | ||
| + | **@more: comparative of superiority | ||
| + | **@less: comparative of inferiority | ||
| + | **@equal: comparative of equality | ||
| + | *superlative | ||
| + | **@most: superlative of superiority | ||
| + | **@least: superlative of inferiority | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | |||
;The basis for the comparison is expressed by the relation 'bas'. | ;The basis for the comparison is expressed by the relation 'bas'. | ||
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:<nowiki>less <A> than <B> = bas(A.@less, B)</nowiki> | :<nowiki>less <A> than <B> = bas(A.@less, B)</nowiki> | ||
:<nowiki>as <A> as <B> = bas(A.@equal, B)</nowiki> | :<nowiki>as <A> as <B> = bas(A.@equal, B)</nowiki> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ;Degree attributes may be combined: | ||
| + | :very much happier = happy.@more.@plus | ||
=== Examples === | === Examples === | ||
Latest revision as of 14:35, 15 April 2014
Degree is a category normally used to specify the extent of a comparison between adjectives or adverbs, such as comparative and superlative. In UNL, it is also used to represent the value of specifier adverbs.
Contents[hide] |
Natural language
In the UNLarium, degree must be informed only when expressed by morphological means, such as in "bigger" and "biggest".
The values of the degree are the following:
Degree (DEG)
positive (PST): no comparisoncomparative (CMP): comparison between two
diminutive (DIM): used to convey a slight degree of the root meaning, smallness of the object or quality named, encapsulation, intimacy, or endearmentaugmentative (AUG): expresses greater intensity, often in size, but also in other attributes (opposite of a diminutive)
- The positive is the default value and may be omitted.
Examples
- Positive (PST): big, good, bad
- Comparative (CMP): bigger, better, worse
- Superlative (SUP): biggest, best, worst
- Diminutive (DIM):
- Augmentative (AUG):
UNL
In UNL, degree is to be represented by attributes:
- The basis for the comparison is expressed by the relation 'bas'.
- more <A> than <B> = bas(A.@more, B)
- less <A> than <B> = bas(A.@less, B)
- as <A> as <B> = bas(A.@equal, B)
- Degree attributes may be combined
- very much happier = happy.@more.@plus
Examples
- X is more fascinating than Y = aoj(fascinating.@more, X), bas(fascinating.@more, Y)
- X is better than Y = aoj(good.@more, X), bas(good.@more, Y)
- X is less fascinating than Y = aoj(fascinating.@less, X), bas(fascinating.@less, Y)
- X is worse than Y = aoj(good.@less, X), bas(good.@less, Y)
- X is as fascinating as Y = aoj(fascinating.@equal, X), bas(fascinating.@equal, Y)
- X is the most fascinating of the Ys = aoj(fascinating.@most, X), bas(fascinating.@most, Y)
- X is the best of the Ys = aoj(good.@most, X), bas(good.@most, Y)
- X is the least fascinating of the Ys = aoj(fascinating.@least, X), bas(fascinating.@least, Y)
- X is the worst of the Ys = aoj(good.@least, X), bas(good.@least, Y)
- X is not so fascinating as Y = aoj(fascinating.@less, X), bas(fascinating.@less, Y)
