Demonstratives
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To be avoided. | To be avoided. | ||
| − | ; | + | ;this |
:used to refer to the person, thing or event present, nearby, just mentioned or about to be said. | :used to refer to the person, thing or event present, nearby, just mentioned or about to be said. | ||
::this, these (en): '''This''' is my cat. '''These''' are my tools. | ::this, these (en): '''This''' is my cat. '''These''' are my tools. | ||
::ceci, celui-ci, celle-ci, ceux-ci, celles-ci (fr): Tout '''ceci''' ne me plaît guère. | ::ceci, celui-ci, celle-ci, ceux-ci, celles-ci (fr): Tout '''ceci''' ne me plaît guère. | ||
| − | ; | + | ;that |
:used to refer to the one designated, implied, mentioned, or understood. | :used to refer to the one designated, implied, mentioned, or understood. | ||
::that, those (en): What kind of soup is '''that'''? | ::that, those (en): What kind of soup is '''that'''? | ||
::cela, celui-là, celle-là, ceux-là, celles-là (fr): Qui c'est '''celui-là'''? | ::cela, celui-là, celle-là, ceux-là, celles-là (fr): Qui c'est '''celui-là'''? | ||
Revision as of 09:32, 7 December 2009
To be represented by attributes, if determiners, or by UWs, if pronouns (independent demonstratives). In this latter case, they should be replaced by their antecedents, whenever possible.
Demonstrative Attributes
- @proximal
- near to the speaker
- this book = book.@proximal (en)
- ce livre-ci = livre.@proximal (fr)
- esta manzana = manzana.@proximal (es)
- @medial
- near to the addressee
- esa manzana = manzana.@medial (es)
- @distal
- far from the speaker (and from the addressee)
- that book = book.@distal (en)
- ce livre-là = livre.@distal (fr)
- aquella manzana = manzana.@distal (es)
Demonstrative UWs
To be avoided.
- this
- used to refer to the person, thing or event present, nearby, just mentioned or about to be said.
- this, these (en): This is my cat. These are my tools.
- ceci, celui-ci, celle-ci, ceux-ci, celles-ci (fr): Tout ceci ne me plaît guère.
- that
- used to refer to the one designated, implied, mentioned, or understood.
- that, those (en): What kind of soup is that?
- cela, celui-là, celle-là, ceux-là, celles-là (fr): Qui c'est celui-là?
