Inflection
(→Inflectional Paradigms and Inflectional Rules) |
(→Inflectional Paradigms and Inflectional Rules) |
||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
*'''inflectional paradigms''' and '''inflectional rules''', in case of quasi-regular behaviour (i.e., when the word is mainly regular but has some inflectional particularities). | *'''inflectional paradigms''' and '''inflectional rules''', in case of quasi-regular behaviour (i.e., when the word is mainly regular but has some inflectional particularities). | ||
| − | For instance, the plural of English nouns is considerably regular and can be treated, in most cases, by the general paradigm '''PLR:=0>"s";''' (= add an "s" to the end of the word). This paradigm may be associated to a wide range of English words (such as ''table'', ''book'', ''boy'', ''computer'', etc). However, there are several special cases (such as man>men, child>children, foot>feet) that, being very limited, should be treated by '''inflectional rules''' instead of inflectional paradigms. The third case ("quasi-regular") is considerably rare in English, but may be found in French, for instance, where verbs such | + | For instance, the plural of English nouns is considerably regular and can be treated, in most cases, by the general paradigm '''PLR:=0>"s";''' (= add an "s" to the end of the word). This paradigm may be associated to a wide range of English words (such as ''table'', ''book'', ''boy'', ''computer'', etc). However, there are several special cases (such as ''man''>''men'', ''child''>''children'', ''foot''>''feet'') that, being very limited, should be treated by '''inflectional rules''' instead of inflectional paradigms. The third case ("quasi-regular") is considerably rare in English, but may be found in French, for instance, where verbs such ''acheter'' (= to buy) follows the conjugation of the second group in all cases but undergoes a small change in the root ("e" becomes "è") in some persons and tenses. In such situations, the word must be associated to the general paradigm, and only the exceptions must be listed as inflectional rules. |
== Syntax == | == Syntax == | ||
Inflectional paradigms and inflectional rules are expressed by [[A-rule]]s, a special formalism for introducing prefixes, infixes and suffixes to the lemma. | Inflectional paradigms and inflectional rules are expressed by [[A-rule]]s, a special formalism for introducing prefixes, infixes and suffixes to the lemma. | ||
Revision as of 12:26, 19 March 2010
In grammar, inflection is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, mood, voice, aspect, person, number, gender and case. Conjugation is the inflection of verbs; declension is the inflection of nouns, adjectives and pronouns.
Inflectional Paradigms and Inflectional Rules
In the UNLarium framework, inflection is indicated by a set of transformations carried over the lemma. This set of transformations can be represented by:
- inflectional paradigms, in case of regular behaviour (i.e., a set of transformations that is followed by several different words)
- inflectional rules, in case of irregular behaviour (i.e., a set of transformation that is followed by very few words); or
- inflectional paradigms and inflectional rules, in case of quasi-regular behaviour (i.e., when the word is mainly regular but has some inflectional particularities).
For instance, the plural of English nouns is considerably regular and can be treated, in most cases, by the general paradigm PLR:=0>"s"; (= add an "s" to the end of the word). This paradigm may be associated to a wide range of English words (such as table, book, boy, computer, etc). However, there are several special cases (such as man>men, child>children, foot>feet) that, being very limited, should be treated by inflectional rules instead of inflectional paradigms. The third case ("quasi-regular") is considerably rare in English, but may be found in French, for instance, where verbs such acheter (= to buy) follows the conjugation of the second group in all cases but undergoes a small change in the root ("e" becomes "è") in some persons and tenses. In such situations, the word must be associated to the general paradigm, and only the exceptions must be listed as inflectional rules.
Syntax
Inflectional paradigms and inflectional rules are expressed by A-rules, a special formalism for introducing prefixes, infixes and suffixes to the lemma.
