Periphrasis
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In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, periphrases always lead to the creation of syntactic relations, which are expressed through [[S-rule]]s as follows: | In the UNL<sup>arium</sup> framework, periphrases always lead to the creation of syntactic relations, which are expressed through [[S-rule]]s as follows: | ||
| − | + | CONDITION := RELATION(HEAD; ARGUMENT); | |
Where | Where | ||
*CONDITION is a tag or list of tags, extracted from the [[tagset|UNDLF Tagset]], corresponding to the value of the attribute to be realised by complex grammatical structures; | *CONDITION is a tag or list of tags, extracted from the [[tagset|UNDLF Tagset]], corresponding to the value of the attribute to be realised by complex grammatical structures; | ||
| − | *RELATION is the syntactic relation to be created, extracted from the [[Syntax#Syntactic_Roles|syntactic roles]] | + | *RELATION is the syntactic relation to be created, extracted from the [[Syntax#Syntactic_Roles|syntactic roles]], where: |
| + | *HEAD is the head of the relation to be created; and | ||
| + | *ARGUMENT is one of the arguments (specifier, adjunct or complement) of the head. | ||
| + | The HEAD or the ARGUMENT may be relations themselves. | ||
| − | + | = Examples = | |
| − | * | + | *FUT:=IC([will];+INF); |
| − | + | **In case of future (FUT), the lemma "will" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement receives the feature INF (infinitive), such as in ''do'' > ''will do''; | |
| − | + | *PRS,PGS:=IC([be];+GER); | |
| − | + | **In case of present progressive (PRS,PGS), the lemma "be" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement receives the feature GER (gerund), such as in ''do'' > ''is doing''; | |
| − | + | *PRS,PFC:=IC([have];+PTP); | |
| − | ; | + | **In case of present perfect (PRS,PFC), the lemma "have" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement receives the feature PTP (participle), such as in ''do'' > ''have done''; |
| − | ** | + | *PRS,PFC,PGS:=IC([have];IC([be],+PTP;+GER)); |
| − | *PRS,PGS:= | + | **In case of present perfect progressive (PRS,PFC,PGS), the lemma "have" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, with a new inflectional phrase as its complement, whose head is the lemma "be" in the form of participle (PTP) and whose complement receives the feature GER (gerund). |
| − | ** | + | *NEG:=IC([do];VA(+INF;[not],<<)); |
| + | **In case of negative, the lemma "do" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement is a verbal phrase whose head receives the feature infinitive and with the lemma "not" as an adjunct to its left. | ||
Revision as of 18:57, 24 March 2010
Periphrasis is a device by which a grammatical category or grammatical relationship is expressed by a free morpheme (such as an auxiliary verb), instead of being shown by inflection or derivation.
In the UNLarium framework, periphrases always lead to the creation of syntactic relations, which are expressed through S-rules as follows:
CONDITION := RELATION(HEAD; ARGUMENT);
Where
- CONDITION is a tag or list of tags, extracted from the UNDLF Tagset, corresponding to the value of the attribute to be realised by complex grammatical structures;
- RELATION is the syntactic relation to be created, extracted from the syntactic roles, where:
- HEAD is the head of the relation to be created; and
- ARGUMENT is one of the arguments (specifier, adjunct or complement) of the head.
The HEAD or the ARGUMENT may be relations themselves.
Examples
- FUT:=IC([will];+INF);
- In case of future (FUT), the lemma "will" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement receives the feature INF (infinitive), such as in do > will do;
- PRS,PGS:=IC([be];+GER);
- In case of present progressive (PRS,PGS), the lemma "be" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement receives the feature GER (gerund), such as in do > is doing;
- PRS,PFC:=IC([have];+PTP);
- In case of present perfect (PRS,PFC), the lemma "have" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement receives the feature PTP (participle), such as in do > have done;
- PRS,PFC,PGS:=IC([have];IC([be],+PTP;+GER));
- In case of present perfect progressive (PRS,PFC,PGS), the lemma "have" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, with a new inflectional phrase as its complement, whose head is the lemma "be" in the form of participle (PTP) and whose complement receives the feature GER (gerund).
- NEG:=IC([do];VA(+INF;[not],<<));
- In case of negative, the lemma "do" is generated as the head of the inflectional phrase, and its complement is a verbal phrase whose head receives the feature infinitive and with the lemma "not" as an adjunct to its left.
