Conjunctions

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To be explicitly represented by attributes, except in case of complementizers ("if", "that", "whether") or when their semantic value may be inferred from the corresponding relation.

Conjunction attributes

* indicates optional representation

Attribute Value English UNL
@after after The books will be sent to the library after I have read them. tim(send, read.@after)
@although although, even though, though Although they have arrived early they could not enter. seq(enter, arrive.@although)
@and* and, nor, as well as, both... and, neither... nor, not only... but also He sold an apartment and bought a country-house. and(buy, sell.@and) or and(buy, sell)
@as* as The situation is not so bad as you suggest. man(bad, suggest.@as) or man(bad, suggest)
@as.@if as if, as though He gives orders as if he were the master of the house. man(give, master.@as.@if)
@because* because, since, for, as, that He said he cannot go because he is very busy. rsn(go, busy.@because) or rsn(go, busy)
@before before Look before you leap. tim(look, leap.@before)
@but but, yet He is young but sensible. and(sensible.@but, young)
@even.@if even if I intend to go even if it rains. con(go, rain.@even.@if) or con(go, rain.@even)
@except.@if except if I intend to go except if it rains. con(go, rain.@except.@if) or(go, rain.@except)
@if* if If you promise to come, I will wait for you. con(wait, promise.@if) or con(wait, promise)
@if.@only only if Only if you promise to come, I will wait for you. con(wait, promise.@if.@only) or con(wait, promise.@only)
@in_case in case (that) He wears two watches in case one of them stops. rsn(wear, stop.@in_case)
@or* or, either... or, whether... or You must prove that you are right or apologize or(apologize.@or, prove) or or(apologize, prove)
@since* since What have you been doign since I last say you? tmf(do, say.@since) or tmf(do, say)
@so* so, then, so that, that We are late for the train, so we must take a taxi. seq(take, late.@so) or seq(take, late)
@unless unless I shall go unless it rains. con(go, rain.@unless)
@until* until, till Wait until the day breaks. tmt(wait, break.@until) or tmt(wait, break)
@when* when, as When I arrive I will write. tim(write, arrive.@when) or tim(write, arrive)
@whereas* whereas, while You didn`t work yesterday, whereas he worked till midnight. coo(work, work.@whereas) or coo(work, work)
@while* while Remain standing while they sing. dur(stand, sing.@while) or dur(stand, sing)


Lists of conjunctions